Table 1 |
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|
Characteristics of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) observational studies |
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|
Author |
Country |
Participants |
Cigarettes per day *(mean, median) |
Years Smoking *(mean, median) |
Intervention |
Dosage (mg) |
Number treated |
co-intervention |
Duration of treatment |
|
|
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|
Hilleman, 1994 |
USA |
Healthy |
26* |
≥ 3 |
Patch (fixed dosage) |
21 |
69 |
Education session |
12 weeks |
|
Patch (tapered dose) |
7,14,21 |
71 |
|||||||
|
Orleans, 1994 |
USA |
Older adults |
17* |
50* |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
871 |
Counseling |
12 weeks |
|
Fredrickson, 1995 |
USA |
Healthy |
>20 |
28* |
Patch |
22,44 |
40 |
Counseling |
8 weeks |
|
Herrera, 1995 |
Sweden |
Healthy |
≥ 10 |
NA |
Gum |
2,4 |
167 |
Behavioural modification program |
3 months |
|
Jorenby, 1995 |
USA |
Healthy |
27* |
1 |
Patch |
22,44 |
504 |
Counseling |
8 weeks |
|
Martin, 1995 |
New Zealand |
Healthy and unhealthy |
26* |
10* |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
80 |
Counseling |
12 weeks |
|
Smith, 1995 |
USA |
Healthy and unhealthy |
26* |
20* |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
110 |
Counseling |
12 weeks |
|
Smith, 1996 |
USA |
Adolescent |
23* |
2.6* |
Patch |
11,22 |
22 |
Counseling |
8 weeks |
|
Hurt, 1998 |
USA |
Healthy |
28* |
22* |
Nasal spray |
1-2 mg/h |
50 |
Counseling |
8 weeks |
|
Gourlay, 1999 |
Australia |
Healthy |
≥ 15 |
≥ 3 |
Patch |
21 |
1481 |
Counseling |
12 weeks |
|
Hays, 1999 |
USA |
Healthy |
≥ 15 |
≥ 1 |
Patch |
22 |
315 |
None |
6 weeks |
|
Killen, 1999 |
USA |
Healthy |
35* |
NA |
Patch |
15 or 25 |
408 |
Self-treatment booklet |
6 weeks |
|
Hurt, 2000 |
USA |
Adolescent |
20* |
>1 |
Patch |
15 |
101 |
Counseling |
6 weeks |
|
Shiffman, 2002 |
USA |
Healthy |
27* |
24* |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
2367 |
None |
12 weeks |
|
27* |
23* |
Gum |
2,4 |
2981 |
None |
12 weeks |
|||
|
Croghan, 2003 |
USA |
Healthy |
≥ 15 |
≥ 1 |
Patch, Nasal spray, Patch + Nasal spray |
15 mg/patch, 0.5 mg/spray |
1384 |
Behavioural counseling |
6 weeks |
|
Hasford, 2003 |
Germany |
Healthy and unhealthy |
NA |
19* |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
633 |
None |
12 weeks |
|
Carpenter, 2004 |
USA |
Healthy |
≥ 10 |
NA |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
300 |
Reduction counseling |
6 weeks |
|
Fiore, 2004 |
USA |
Healthy |
≥ 10 |
NA |
Patch |
7,14, 21 |
1869 |
With or without education program |
10 weeks |
|
Lerman, 2004 |
USA |
Healthy |
≥ 10 |
1 |
Patch, Nasal spray |
0.5, 7-21 |
350 |
Counseling |
8 weeks |
|
Schuurmans, 2004 |
South Africa |
Healthy |
≥ 15 |
≥ 3 |
Patch |
NA |
184 |
None |
10 weeks |
|
Hughes, 2005 |
USA |
Healthy and unhealthy |
25* |
27* |
Nasal spray |
NA |
535 |
None |
4 weeks |
|
Marsh, 2005 |
Czech Republic |
Medical illness |
25* |
≥ 1 |
Gum, Lozenge |
4 |
901 |
None |
12 weeks |
|
Bolliger, 2007 |
South Africa |
Healthy |
23* |
23* |
Gum, Patch, Nasal spray |
NA |
100 |
Behavioural counseling |
3 months |
|
Aubin, 2008 |
USA |
Healthy |
23* |
25* |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
370 |
Counseling |
10 weeks |
|
Stapleton, 2008 |
UK |
Healthy and unhealthy |
21* |
NA |
NRT |
NA |
204 |
Education session |
12 weeks |
|
Gunnell, 2009 |
Europe |
Healthy and unhealthy |
NA |
NA |
NRT |
NA |
63265 |
None |
12-26 weeks |
|
Ossip, 2009 |
USA |
Healthy and unhealthy |
NA |
NA |
Gum, Patch, Lozenge |
2,7-21,2 |
65599 |
None |
2 weeks |
|
Steinberg, 2009 |
USA |
Medical illnesses |
>10 |
>20 |
Patch |
7,14,21 |
64 |
None |
10 weeks |
|
|
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|
Mills et al. Tobacco Induced Diseases 2010 8:8 doi:10.1186/1617-9625-8-8 |
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